By Anabelle E. Plantilla
The Manila Times
THE Philippines has several centers of diversity and endemism, and its biological richness is described as “Galapagos times ten” (Heaney and Regalado in Ong, et al., 2002). It is also considered as one of the 20 mega-diversity countries in the world (WRI, 2003) and boasts of about 52,177 described species, more than half of which can only be found in the Philippines (Ong, et al., 2002).
The country is considered the only large country in the world with almost all of its territory included as an Endemic Bird Area (EBA), or sites with at least two restricted-range bird species entirely confined to them (Haribon-BirdLife, 2001). However, there remains less than 6 percent of the country’s original forest cover (Ong, et al., 2002), while 409 species are listed on the 2003 IUCN (World Conservation Union) Red List of Threatened Species, thus making the country one of 25 global biodiversity hot spots.
Among the greatest threats to the country’s biological resources are logging, mining, illegal methods of fishing and other land-conversion activities. Today, over 18 million Filipinos who live in the overlogged uplands are directly affected by this loss of forest cover. Among them are most of the approximately 3.5 million to 4.5 million indigenous peoples of the Philippines.
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